To protect industrial workers from the effects of toxic combustion products during a fire, facilities are equipped with respiratory and vision protection equipment – portable filtering self-rescuers (hereinafter referred to as PFS).
Practice has shown that these protective devices, among many others, are the most effective for saving human lives during a fire.
The task of every employee is to master as many techniques and methods as possible for activating portable filtering self-rescuers in order to preserve their health and life.
When organizing and conducting practical training, it is necessary to take into account the level of employee preparation – the volume of knowledge, skills, and abilities regarding the practical application of PFS during a fire.
Employee training levels can be divided into initial, intermediate, and advanced. Further in the article, you can familiarize yourself with the characteristics of each training level and examples of exercises for each of them.
The initial level of employee training for the use of PFS involves mastering a series of exercises aimed at the training stage "familiarization with the self-rescuer – confident mastery."
Having mastered this level of training, an employee can independently use a PFS in fire situations that are relatively simple.
Exercises at the initial training level are performed individually, with mandatory compliance with safety measures.
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No. |
Exercise Type |
Exercise Conditions |
|
1. |
Donning a PFS while sitting on a chair at a table. |
Starting position: the PFS package lies on the table in front of the trainee, who is sitting on a chair at the table. Exercise procedure: the trainee opens the PFS package in the prescribed manner and puts it on. Notes: 1. the instructor may provide prompts on how to correctly don the PFS; 2. the trainee may independently use the instructions and images on the PFS packaging regarding the rules for activating the PFS. |
The intermediate level of employee training for the use of PFS involves mastering a series of exercises aimed at the training stage "I can do it myself – I will help others."
Exercises at the intermediate training level are performed by two employees, hereinafter referred to as the rescuer and the rescued.
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No. |
Exercise Type |
Exercise Conditions |
|
1. |
Donning a PFS on oneself and on a victim in a standing position. The height of both participants is the same. |
Situation: during a fire, there is a person who cannot put on a PFS by themselves. This person could be a conscious victim or a visitor who does not know how to use a PFS. Starting position: the PFS package lies (on the table, on the floor) in front of the rescuer, who is standing. The rescued person is next to the rescuer. Exercise procedure: upon the instructor's command, the rescuer begins to put the PFS on their own head, while the trainee's hands are held up and the self-rescuer packaging falls to the floor. Placing anything on a table or chair is not allowed. After putting on their own PFS, the rescuer takes another PFS package, opens it, and puts it on the rescued person's head. Notes: 1. prompts are not allowed. |
The advanced level of employee training for the use of PFS involves mastering a series of exercises aimed at the training stage "I can act in any situation."
Exercises at the advanced training level can be performed individually or in a group of people.
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No. |
Exercise Type |
Exercise Conditions |
|
1. |
Donning a PFS on the move with personal belongings. |
Situation: a person received a PFS during a fire and, while heading to the emergency exit, puts it on while moving, carrying personal belongings. Initial data: the trainee stands in a corridor in outdoor clothing (coat, jacket, hat), holding a PFS package and a bag (regular, everyday). Exercise procedure: upon the instructor's command, the trainee begins walking down the corridor and puts on the PFS. The PFS packaging falls to the floor, the movement speed must not decrease, and personal belongings must not be discarded. |
Practicing these exercises will allow for more competent and rapid use of PFS in the event of a fire, which will undoubtedly help mitigate many of the negative consequences inherent in a fire.